Brake device for headcenter of a gyratory crusher



United States Patent I 72] lnventor Eugene B. Cook West Allis, Wisconsin[21 Appl. No. 739,008

[22] Filed June 21, 1968 [45] Patented Nov. 10, 1970 [73] AssigneeAllis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company Milwaukee, Wisconsin [54] BRAKEDEVICE FOR HEADCENTER OF A Primary Examiner-- Robert C. RiordonAssistant Examiner-Donald G. Kelly Attorneys-Robert C. Sullivan, ArthurM. Streich and Robert B. Benson ABSTRACT: In a gyratory crusher, theheadcenter or crusher head is mounted on an eccentric sleeve so thatrotation of the eccentric sleeve imparts a gyratory movement to thecrusher head. To prevent rotation of the crusher head in the samedirection as the eccentric sleeve under idling conditions, a brakeassembly is provided. The brake assembly comprises a nonrotatable brakemember positioned adjacent the upper end of the crusher head andconnected by a torsion member to a nonrotatable portion of the crusherstructure, and a cooperating brake member carried by and rotatablymovable with the crusher head. Friction material is provided on at leastone of the brake members for braking engagement with the other brakemember.

BRAKE DEVICE FOR HEADCENTER OF A GYRATORY CRUSHER BACKGROUND OF THEINVENTION Field of the Invention This invention relates to gyratorycrushers and more particularly to a braking means for preventingspinning of the crusher head or headcenter when the crusher is not underload, but which permits a retrograde rotation of the crusher headrelative to the rotating eccentric under load conditions.

As is well known in the art, the crusher head of a gyratory crusher ismounted on an eccentric sleeve which is rotatably driven to impart agyratory motion to the crusher head within the crushing chamber.

A problem which is frequently encountered in gyratory crushers is thefact that in starting up a crusher and with the crusher substantiallyunder no load, the crusher head will not only gyrate as the eccentricsleeve rotates but will also tend to rotate with the eccentric sleevedue to the bearing drag between the rotating eccentric sleeve and thecrusher head. Thus. for example, the eccentric sleeve may be rotating atsome speed such as 300 rpm. and the bearing drag between the unloadedcrusher head and the rotating eccentric sleeve may be such that thecrusher head or headcenter willrotate at a speed less than that of therotating eccentric sleeve. Such spinning rotation of the headcenter isundesirable since it causes the rocks and stones which are being loadedinto the crusher to be thrown about and even to be thrown out of thecrusher.

However, when the crusher is under load, it is important that thecrusher head be capable of moving relatively slowly in a retrogradedirection with respect to the direction of rotation of the eccentricsleeve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the presentinvention to provide an improved braking means for preventingundesirable rotation of the headcenter of an unloaded gyratory crusher.

It is another object of the invention to provide an improved brakingmeans which prevents undesirable spinning or rotation of the crusherhead, particularly under starting or unloaded conditions, but whichpermits a retrograde rotation of the crusher head relative to therotating eccentric under load conditions.

In achievement of these objectives, there is provided in accordance withthis invention in combination with a gyratory crusher a brake assemblyfor preventing rotation of the crusher head due to bearing drag, underthe idling or no load condition of the crusher. The brake assemblycomprises a nonrotatable brake member positioned adjacent the upper endofthe crusher head and connected by a torsion member to a nonrotatableportion of the crusher structure, and a cooperating brake member carriedby and rotatably movable with the crusher head. Friction material isprovided on at least one of the brake members for braking engagementwith the other brake member.

Other objects, advantages, and the manner in which such are attainedwill be apparent from the following description of the invention withreference to the drawing in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a view in vertical section ofa gyratory crusher provided with braking means in accordance with theinvention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view in vertical section of the braking means; and

FIG. 3 is a view taken along a line Ill-III of FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the drawing,there is shown a gyratory crusher generally indicated at including alower frame section I2 and an upper frame section 14. The upper framesection I4 is upwardly open and has secured therein a bowl liner orconcave 16. A crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement and hassecured to the upper surface thereof a crushing mantle 20. A crushingchamber 22 is defined between the facing surfaces of bowl liner l6 andcrusher head mantle 20. A nut 24 secures crusher mantle 20 to crusherhead 18. The crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement on aneccentric sleeve 26. A sleeve bearing 28, which may be secured to theinner surface of crusher head 18, is interposed between the crusher head18 and the outer surface of eccentric sleeve 26. Eccentric sleeve 26 ismounted for rotation about an upstanding pedestallike portion 30 whichforms part of the supporting frame. A sleeve bearing 32 is interposedbetween the inner surface of eccentric sleeve 26 and the outer surfaceof the pedestallike portion 30, and may be secured to the inner surfaceof eccentric sleeve 26. A drive gear 34 driven by any suitable source ofpower, engages a driven gear 36 carried by eccentric sleeve 26 to rotateeccentric sleeve 26, whereby to impart a gyratory movement to crusherhead 18.

A vertically adjustable shaft 38 extends axially upwardly through apassage in pedestallike portion 30 of the frame and carries on the upperend thereof a plate member 40 which is rigidly attached, as by welding,to shaft 38. Plate member 40 supports a bearing 41 which in turn engagesa bearing 42 car ried by the under surface of crusher head [8. Bearing41 is free to slide along the upper surface of plate 40 during thegyrating movement of crusher head 18. A hydraulic fluid or the like isadmitted through the passage 44 and pushes upon piston 46 at the lowerend of shaft 38 whereby to permit vertical upward adjusting movement ofthe shaft 38 to adjust the height of crusher head 18.

Upper and lower sleeve bearings 43 are interposed between post 30 andthe vertically adjustable shaft 38. The upper sleeve bearing 43 is keyedto post 30 by means of key 39 and shaft 38 is keyed to upper sleevebearing 43 by key 45. The keyed connections just described permit linearmovement of shaft 38 but prevent rotation thereof.

A dust seal retaining ring structure carried by crusher head 18 isgenerally indicated at 47 and supports a dust ring 48 which engages astationary dust collar 49 carried by the stationary frame structure toprevent the entrance of rock dust or the like into the operatingmechanism of the rock crusher.

In accordance with the invention, the crusher is provided with means forbraking the crusher head 18 to prevent spinning thereof which iseffective substantially only during the no load or idling operation ofthe crusher. This braking assembly will now be described.

The Braking Assembly of the crusher there will always be a verticalpassage of sufficient clearance in alignment with the axial passage 50of plate 40. Similarly, the bearing 42 is provided with an axial passage56 therethrough which is in alignment with the passages previouslydescribed in the bearing 41 and in the plate 40. The crusher head 18 isprovided with an axial passage 58 therethrough extending to the upperend of the threaded studlike or neck portion 60 of the crusher headwhich receives the nut member 24. The upper end of the vertical passage58 in the threaded stud 60 at the upper end of the crusher headterminates in an enlarged countersunk opening 62. A circular disklikeplate member 64 is received in the countersunk opening 62. Thecountersunk opening 62 defines a bearing which permits rotation ofcrusher head 18 relative to plate member 64. A bushing member 66 extendsfrom the undersurface of plate 64 and has secured therein the upper endof a flexible torsion member 68, which may be a wire cablelike membercapable of flexing movement. Torsion member 68 extends through thepassage 58 in crusher head l8, ancl through the passages 56 and 54 inbearings 42 and 41, respectively. The lower end of torsion member 68 hasa bushing 70 secured thereto. Bushing 7.0 is received in passage 50 inplate 40 mounted on the upper end of shaft 38. Bushing 70 has fourcircumferentially spaced teeth 74 angularly spaced 90 from each other inthe illustrated embodiment. The teeth 74 as best seen in FIG. 2 arearced outwardly in a radial direction with respect to the longitudinalaxis of bushing 70 and are also arced in a circumferential direction.The teeth 74 are adapted to be received within the corresponding spacedslots or grooves 52 of the plate 40 at the upper end of post 38.

A disklike plate member 76 is secured by fastening means 78 to the upperend of threaded stud 60 at the upper end of crusher head 18. An annularspacer member 79 is interposed between the under surface of plate member76 and the upper surface of threaded stud 60 to maintain plate member 76in a fixed spaced relation to the upper surface of threaded stud 60. Anaxial passage 80 is provided in plate member 76 and a stud member 82rigidly secured to the upper end of plate 64 extends upwardly throughpassage 80. Friction material 84 of any type conventionally used forbrake linings is suitably secured by rivets or other suitable fasteningmeans to the upper and lower surfaces of plate member 76. A brake plate86 is slidably mounted on stud 82 above the surface of the friction orbrake lining material 84 on the upper surface of plate 76. Brake plate86 is spring biased toward the friction lining 84 by springs 88 whichare maintained in compression by a plate member 90 slidably mounted onstud 82. The position of plate 90 may be adjustably varied by means ofnut 92 to adjust the pressure of springs 88. The axial height of theupper surface of plate 64 which rests in the countersunk opening 62 issuch that the brake lining material 84 on the under surface of plate 76is in continuous frictional engagement with the upper surface of plate64.

A cover member 94 is detachably secured to flange portion 96 of nut 24in overlying relation to the brake assembly. Cover 94 may be removed forrepair or adjustment of the brake assembly. I

During the operation of the braking device of the invention, as thecrusher head 18 gyrates due to the rotation of the eccentric member 26on which the crusher head is mounted, the torsion member 68 accommodatesitself to the gyratory movement of the crusher head by the rollingcontact between the teeth 74 carried by bushing 72 at the lower end ofthe torsion member and the grooves or slots 52 of the plate member 40.

The plate 64 and the elements connected thereto including bushing 66,stud 82, plates 86 and 90 and springs 88, define a brake subassemblywhich gyrates in accordance with the gyratory movement of crusher head18, but which does not rotate. This brake subassembly just defined isrestrained from rotation by the torsion member 68 which is preventedfrom rotation due to its connection to stationary plate 40. On the otherhand, the plate 76 connected to stud 60 of crusher head 18, and thefriction material 84 carried by plate 76, will rotate with crusher head18.

Any tendency of the crusher head 18 to rotate or spin due to thefriction drag of the eccentric sleeve 26 under no load conditions issubstantially prevented by the braking action exerted by the engagementof the plates 64 and 86 connected to the torsion member 68, and thusanchored against rotation, with the brake lining or'friction material 84carried by the plate 76 mounted on crusher head 18.

While the braking engagement of the plate members 64 and 86 with thefriction material 84 is sufficient to prevent rotation of the crusherhead 18 under no load conditions in the same direction as the directionof rotation of the eccentric 26, the

brake device just described will not prevent the slow reverse orretrograde movement of the crusher head which occurs under loadconditions and which is unobjectionable.

While the torsion member 68 has been shown and decribed as a flexible,cablelike member, a rigid torsion bar could be used instead, as shown,for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,227,381, entitled Cone Crusher, issuedto Karl Golucke et al. on Jan. 4,' 1966. If a rigid torsion bar is used,it should be provided at opposite ends thereof with a pivotally mountedconnection to the plate 40 and to the plate 64 or bushing 66 similar tothe connection of the torsion member 68 to plate 40 in FIGS. l-3, orsimilar to the pivotal mounting arrangement of the torsion bar shown inthe aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,227,38 l.

While there has been shown and described a particular embodiment of theinvention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that variouschanges and modifications may be made therein without departing from theinvention and, therefore, it is aimed to cover all such changes andmodifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

1 claim:

1. A gyratory crusher comprising a frame, a bowl liner mounted on saidframe, an eccentric supported for rotation by said frame, means forrotating said eccentric, a crusher head, said crusher head being mountedon said eccentric with bearing means interposed between said eccentricand said crusher head, whereby rotation of said eccentric impartsgyratory movement to said crusher head, a nonrotatable center postsupporting said crusher head, means for braking said crusher headagainst rotation with said eccentric comprising a first brake member,torsion means connecting said first brake member to said center post,means forming a passage through said crusher head to receive saidtorsion means, said torsion means being connected at the lower endthereof to said center post, said torsion means being connected at theupper end thereof to said first brake member, said first brake memberbeing supported by said crusher head for nonrotatable gyratory movementtherewith by bearing means located at the upper end of said crusher headwhereby said crusher head may rotate relative to said first brakemember, a second brake member carried by and rotatable with said crusherhead, said first and second brake members being positioned contiguouseach other for braking cooperation therebetween, and friction materialcarried by at least one of said brake members for engagement with theother brake member.

2. The gyratory crusher defined in claim 1 in which said first brakemember is a disklike plate member and said second brake member is adisklike plate member.

3. The gyratory crusher defined in claim 1 in which said first brakemember includes a first brake portion lying in contact with the undersurface of said second brake member, and a second brake portion lying incontact with the upper surface of said second brake member.

4. The gyratory crusher defined in claim 1 including spring meansbiasing said first and second brake members into braking engagement witheach other.

